C programming.

reference link
http://www.elook.org/programming/c/stdio.html

string functions
http://www.edcc.edu/faculty/paul.bladek/c_string_functions.htm

scanf() parameters
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%c   a single character
%d   a decimal integer
%i   an integer
%e, %f, %g  a floating-point number
%o   an octal number
%s   a string
%x   a hexadecimal number
%p   a pointer
%n   an integer equal to the number of characters read so far
%u   an unsigned integer
%[]   a set of characters
%%   a percent sign

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